Garnet (Almandine)
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Fe3Al2(SiO4)3
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The most common garnet species, almandine is an iron aluminum silicate (Fe3Al2(SiO4)3) that serves as a key metamorphic index mineral. It crystallizes in the cubic system, forming dodecahedral or trapezohedral crystals with a vitreous luster, a colorless streak, and no cleavage. Colors are deep red, reddish-brown, or black, with a Mohs hardness of 6.5 to 7.5 and a specific gravity from 3.93 to 4.32. Almandine belongs to a group that also includes pyrope, grossular, andradite, spessartine, and uvarovite, and its hardness makes it valuable both as a gemstone and as an industrial abrasive. Its conchoidal to uneven fracture and absence of cleavage help separate garnet from the silicates it accompanies in schists and gneisses.
Almandine is the most common garnet species and a key metamorphic indicator mineral. The garnet group includes pyrope族, grossular, andradite, spessartine, and uvarovite. Garnets are widely used as gemstones and abrasives.
| 晶系 | Cubic (Isometric) |
| 鉱物分類 | 09 Silicates |
| モース硬度 | 6.5-7.5 |
| 比重 | 3.93-4.32 |
| 色 | Deep red, reddish-brown, black |
| 光沢 | Vitreous |
| 条痕色 | Colorless |
| 劈開 | None |
| 断口 | Conchoidal to uneven |
| 透明度 | Transparent |
| 結晶習性 | Dodecahedral, trapezohedral |
モース硬度
| モース硬度 | Reference Mineral |
|---|---|
| 1 | Talc |
| 2 | Gypsum |
| 3 | Calcite |
| 4 | Fluorite |
| 5 | Apatite |
| 6 | Orthoclase |
| 7 | Quartz |
| 8 | Topaz |
| 9 | Corundum |
| 10 | Diamond |
晶系
| 特性 | Value |
|---|---|
| 晶系 | Cubic (Isometric) |
| Axial Relationships | a = b = c, α = β = γ = 90° |