Siderite

FeCO3

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An iron carbonate (FeCO3), siderite occurs in sedimentary deposits, hydrothermal veins, and as a replacement mineral. It crystallizes in the trigonal system, forming rhombohedral crystals with curved faces as well as botryoidal masses, and shows a vitreous luster, a white streak, perfect rhombohedral cleavage, and a conchoidal fracture. Colors range through yellowish-brown, gray, brown, and greenish, with a Mohs hardness of 3.5 to 4.5 and a specific gravity from 3.83 to 3.96. Siderite is an ore of iron, though less economically significant than hematite and magnetite. Its rhombohedral cleavage and curved crystal faces recall dolomite, but siderite is markedly denser owing to its iron content.

Siderite is an iron carbonate mineral that occurs in sedimentary deposits, hydrothermal veins, and as a replacement mineral. It is an ore of iron, though less important than hematite and magnetite.

Crystal System Trigonal
Mineral Class 05 Carbonates and Nitrates
Mohs Hardness 3.5-4.5
Specific Gravity 3.83-3.96
Color Yellowish-brown, gray, brown, greenish
Luster Vitreous
Streak White
Cleavage Perfect rhombohedral {1011}
Fracture Conchoidal
Transparency Translucent
Crystal Habit Rhombohedral with curved faces, botryoidal

Mohs Hardness

Mohs Hardness: 3.5 – 4.5
1 Soft10 Hard
Siderite has a Mohs hardness of 3.5–4.5 on the 1–10 mineral hardness scale.
Mohs Hardness Reference Mineral
1 Talc
2 Gypsum
3 Calcite
4 Fluorite
5 Apatite
6 Orthoclase
7 Quartz
8 Topaz
9 Corundum
10 Diamond

Crystal System

Trigonal
Siderite crystallizes in the Trigonal crystal system.
Property Value
Crystal System Trigonal (Rhombohedral)
Axial Relationships a = b = c, α = β = γ ≠ 90°

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the hardness of Siderite?
Siderite has a Mohs hardness of 3.5-4.5.
What crystal system does Siderite belong to?
Siderite crystallizes in the Trigonal crystal system.
What color is Siderite?
Siderite is typically Yellowish-brown, gray, brown, greenish.
What type of luster does Siderite have?
Siderite exhibits a Vitreous luster.
What is the chemical formula of Siderite?
The chemical formula of Siderite is FeCO3.