Topaz

Al₂SiO₄(F,OH)₂

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Topaz is the reference mineral for hardness 8 on the Mohs scale. It forms in granite and pegmatite veins and is prized as a gemstone. Imperial topaz (orange-pink) from Ouro Preto, Brazil, is the most valuable variety.

Sistem Kristal	Orthorhombic
Kelas Mineral	09 Silicates
Kekerasan Mohs	8.0
Berat Jenis	3.49-3.57
Warna	Colorless, yellow, blue, pink, orange
Kilap	Vitreous
Gores	Colorless
Belahan	Perfect {001}
Pecahan	Conchoidal to uneven
Transparansi	Transparent
Bentuk Kristal	Prismatic