Cinnabar

HgS

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Cinnabar, the principal ore of mercury, is a mercury sulfide (HgS) and one of the densest non-metallic minerals, with a specific gravity between 8.10 and 8.20. It crystallizes in the trigonal system, forming rhombohedral, massive, or encrusting habits, and typically develops near volcanic hot springs and fumaroles. The mineral has an adamantine luster, a scarlet streak, perfect prismatic cleavage, and a low Mohs hardness of 2 to 2.5. Its striking scarlet color made cinnabar a prized pigment, known as vermilion, from antiquity onward, though its mercury content renders the raw material toxic to handle. Its high density and perfect prismatic cleavage aid identification where the scarlet color alone would be ambiguous.

Cinnabar é o principal minério de mercúrio e um dos minerais não metálicos mais densos. Sua impressionante cor escarlate o tornou um pigmento precioso (vermelhão) desde a antiguidade. Forma-se tipicamente próximo a fontes termais vulcânicas e fumarolas.

Sistema Cristalino Trigonal
Classe Mineral 02 Sulfides and Sulfosalts
Dureza Mohs 2.0-2.5
Gravidade Específica 8.10-8.20
Cor Scarlet red, brownish-red
Brilho Adamantine
Traço Scarlet
Clivagem Perfect prismatic {1010}
Fratura Conchoidal to uneven
Transparência Translucent
Hábito Cristalino Rhombohedral, massive, encrusting

Dureza Mohs

Mohs Hardness: 2,0 – 2,5
1 Soft10 Hard
Cinnabar has a Mohs hardness of 2–2.5 on the 1–10 mineral hardness scale.
Dureza Mohs Reference Mineral
1 Talc
2 Gypsum
3 Calcite
4 Fluorite
5 Apatite
6 Orthoclase
7 Quartz
8 Topaz
9 Corundum
10 Diamond

Sistema Cristalino

Trigonal
Cinnabar crystallizes in the Trigonal crystal system.
Propriedade Value
Sistema Cristalino Trigonal (Rhombohedral)
Axial Relationships a = b = c, α = β = γ ≠ 90°

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the hardness of Cinnabar?
Cinnabar has a Mohs hardness of 2.0-2.5.
What crystal system does Cinnabar belong to?
Cinnabar crystallizes in the Trigonal crystal system.
What color is Cinnabar?
Cinnabar is typically Scarlet red, brownish-red.
What type of luster does Cinnabar have?
Cinnabar exhibits a Adamantine luster.
What is the chemical formula of Cinnabar?
The chemical formula of Cinnabar is HgS.