Zircon

ZrSiO4

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Zircon is the oldest mineral found on Earth, with some crystals dating back 4.4 billion years. It is an important accessory mineral in igneous rocks and a key mineral for geochronology (U-Pb dating). The gem variety comes in many colors.

Crystal System Tetragonal
Mineral Class 09 Silicates
Mohs Hardness 6.5-7.5
Specific Gravity 3.93-4.73
Color Colorless, yellow, brown, red, green, blue
Luster Adamantine
Streak Colorless
Cleavage Poor {110}, {111}
Fracture Conchoidal
Transparency Transparent
Crystal Habit Prismatic with pyramidal terminations

Mohs Hardness

Mohs Hardness: 6.5 – 7.5
1 Soft10 Hard

Crystal System

Tetragonal

Explore on Science FYI

ChemFYI
Zirconium (Zr) Primary zirconium ore (ZrSiO₄)
ChemFYI
Silicon (Si) Nesosilicate framework
GemFYI
Zircon Natural gemstone (not cubic zirconia)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the hardness of Zircon?
Zircon has a Mohs hardness of 6.5-7.5.
What crystal system does Zircon belong to?
Zircon crystallizes in the Tetragonal crystal system.
What color is Zircon?
Zircon is typically Colorless, yellow, brown, red, green, blue.
What type of luster does Zircon have?
Zircon exhibits a Adamantine luster.
What is the chemical formula of Zircon?
The chemical formula of Zircon is ZrSiO4.