Gypsum vs Talc

Property Gypsum Talc
化学式 CaSO4 · 2H2O Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
晶系 Monoclinic Monoclinic
鉱物分類 07 Sulfates, Chromates, Molybdates, and Tungstates 09 Silicates
モース硬度 1.5-2.0 1.0
Colorless, white, gray, yellow, brown White, gray, green, pale blue
光沢 Vitreous Pearly
条痕色 White White
透明度 Transparent Translucent
劈開 Perfect {010} Perfect {001}
断口 Conchoidal Uneven

Key Differences

  • Talc (hardness 1) is the softest mineral; gypsum (hardness 1.5–2) is slightly harder.
  • Talc has a distinctive soapy feel; gypsum does not.
  • Talc is a magnesium silicate Mg3Si4O10(OH)2; gypsum is a hydrated calcium sulfate CaSO4·2H2O.
  • Gypsum is used extensively in plaster and drywall; talc is used in cosmetics and ceramics.
  • Talc has pearly luster; gypsum can be vitreous, silky (satin spar), or massive (alabaster).
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